C Programming

To work with C programs in a Linux environment, you’ll need to know how to compile and run your code using the command line. Here’s how you can do it:

Compiling and Runnning C Programs

1. Compiling the C Program

To compile the C program, you can use the gcc compiler, which is widely used in Linux environments. The general syntax for compiling a C program is:

gcc -o output_name source_file.c

For our example, compile the main.c file like this:

gcc -o hello hello.c

• gcc: The GNU C Compiler.

• -o hello: This specifies the output file name. In this case, the compiled program will be named hello.

• hello.c: The source file you want to compile.

2. Executing the Compiled Program

Once your program is compiled successfully, you can run it using the following command:

./hello

This will execute the hello program and output:

Hello, World!

C Programming Concepts

• Hello, World!
• Variables and Data Types
• Functions
• Control Structures
• Data Structures
• Robot Simulation

Practice Question

2D Robot Simulation

Objective:

Create a simulation for a robot that can move in a 2-dimensional space. The robot should have the ability to move both horizontally (x-axis) and vertically (y-axis). After simulating the movement, calculate and print the total displacement of the robot from its starting position.

Instructions:

1. Define a `struct` for the Robot:

   • The Robot struct should include:

     • name: The name of the robot.

     • x_position: The position of the robot on the x-axis.

     • y_position: The position of the robot on the y-axis.

     • x_speed: The speed of the robot along the x-axis.

     • y_speed: The speed of the robot along the y-axis.

2. Create a function to update the robot’s position based on its speed and the time interval.

3. Create a function to print the robot’s current position.

4. Simulate the robot’s movement over a series of time intervals (e.g., 10 intervals).

5. Calculate the total displacement of the robot from its starting position. The displacement is the magnitude of the vector from the starting position (0, 0) to the final position (x_position, y_position) and can be calculated using the formula:

   \[\text{Displacement} = \sqrt{(x_{\text{position}})^2 + (y_{\text{position}})^2}\]

6. Print the robot’s position at each time interval and the total displacement at the end.

Example Output:

• Time Interval 1: Position (x, y) = (1, 2)

• Time Interval 2: Position (x, y) = (2, 4)

• …

• Total Displacement: 10.77 units

Additional Challenge:

Allow the robot to change its speed randomly at each time interval and observe how this affects its final displacement.